martin



(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 1.

L. MARTIN.

SPIKE EXTRAUTOR. N0. 420,60i. Patented Feb. 4,1890.

I W Z-nessew I fiw l for- (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

' L. MARTIN.

SPIKE EXTRAGTOB.

No. 420.603. Patented Feb. 4', 1890.

H. PETERS. 'PhoQn-Lnnogripher, Washington, D, C

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS MARTIN, OF NElV YORK, N. Y.

SPlKE-EXTRACTO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 420,603, dated February4, 1890.

Application filed December 12,1888. Serial No. 293,378- (No model.)

7 To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LEWIS MARTIN, of New York, in the county and Stateof New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inSpike-Extractors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to instruments for extracting, more particularly,railroad-spikes.

I will describe in detail a spike-extractor embodying my improvement,and then point out the novel features in claims.

In the accompanying drawings,'Figure 1 is a front elevation of aspike-extractor embodying my improvement, showing the same in theposition it occupies when it has grasped a spike. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a rear View, a certain plate beingremoved to more clearly disclose certain parts. Fig. 4. is a verticalsection taken on the line a: ac, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a rear view withcertain parts removed.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A designates grippers, which grippers are provided near their lower endswith gripping-jaws a. These grippers are pivoted near their lower endsupon pivots a. I-Iere shown as bolts, which bolts extend through saidgrippers, and also through back plates a a and are secured in positionby nuts a upon the rear side of the tool. The plates a a are likewisebolted together, as shown, by means of bolts 0 From the plate of extendrearwardly and at approximately right angles to the faces of said platebearing-pieces B. These bearing-pieces are shown as formed integral withthe plates a The grippers A, as is shown in this exam ple of myimprovement, have secured to them back pieces or plates M, whichconstitute in effect part of the grippers. Between the grippers and saidback pieces are spacingpieces a These spacing-pieces only extend for ashort distance inwardly from the side edges of the grippers and the backplates a so that spaces a are formed between the grippers and the backplates a The grippers, back plates, and spacing-pieces are securedtogether by means of bolts a Within the spaces a", formed between thegrippers and the back plates a", are arranged loose rollers or bowls arest upon the downwardly and angularly ex- 7 tending side edges of thecam. The conformation of the edge walls of the cavities a is such thatwhen the cam C is moved upwardly the rollers or bowls a will be causedto force the upper portions of the grippers A apart, and willconsequently cause the foreing of the gripper-jaws a toward each otherto grip the spike. The upper end walls of the cavities a constitutestops, against which the rollers or bowls will be forced by the cam Cduring its upward movement. By means of these stops the bringing of thegripperjaws too closely together is prevented, and thereby'theunnecessary cut-ting of the spike is avoided.

Upon the rear sides of the cam G is a rack o, and upon the upper portionof the cam O are guards c which extend in such direction as to preventthe rollers or bowls a from passing out of the cavities a D designates alever. This lever is fulcrumed upon a pin or bolt D ,which extendsthrough the said lever and also through the bearing-pieces B. I. haveshown the apertures in the bearing-pieces B through which the bolt Dextends as somewhat larger in diameterthan the said bolt, so that saidbolt will not contact with the bearing-pieces B. This feature isillustrated more clearly in Figs. 3 and 4, in which e designates the apertures in the bearing-pieces. short arm of the lever D and adjacent tothe grippers is a gear-segment D which gears with the rack c. When thelever D is rocked in one direction, the segment D causes the elevationof the cam G, and consequently the operation of the gripper-jaws. Aspring E, secured near its ends to the plates a operates to rock thegrippers in the opposite direction to that in which they are moved bythe cam.

G designates an arm rigidly secured near its lower end to one of thebearing-pieces B. This arm is to be grasped in order to maintain thetool in proper operative position until the lever D has been so moved asto cause the gripper-jaws to grip the spike.

Upon the I The spike having been gripped, the lever and arm are rockedbackwardly upon the base of the tool as a fulcrum. The jaws then operateas the short arm of a lever and cause the extraction of the spike.

J designates bracingpieces, through the upper end portions of which thebolt Da passes loosely and the lower ends of which have a pivotalconnection with the bearingpieces B. J designates other andhorizontally-extendin g bracing-pieces, through which the bolt D passesnear one of their ends, and the other ends of which are pivotallyconnected to the bearing-pieces B. When the lever D is rockeddownwardly, a pushing strain is exerted upon the bracing-pieces J, whilea pulling strain is exerteduponthe bracing-pieces J, by which thebracing-pieces ating the cam, substantially as specified.

2 The combination, with grippers provided with jaws for gripping aspike, of a cam be tween said grippers, rollers or bowls between the camand the grippers upon which said cam acts to force the jaws of thegrippers toward each other, stops for preventing a too extended movementof said jaws toward each other, and a lever for operating the cam,substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with grippers provided with jaws for gripping aspike, of a cam between said grippers, rollers or bowls between the camand the grippers upon which said cam acts to force the jaws of thegrippers to- Ward each other, a lever for operating the cam, and an armfor maintaining the tool in proper position during the operation of thecam, substantially as specified.

4:. The combination, with grippers provided with jaws for gripping aspike, of a cam between said grippers, rollers or bowls between the camand the grippers upon which said cam actsto force the jaws of thegrippers toward each other, a rack on said cam, and a lever providedwith a toothed segment engaging said rack for operating the 'cam,substantially as specified.

5. The combination, with grippers provided with jaws for gripping aspike, of a cam between said grippers,rollers or bowls between the camand 'the .grippers upon which said cam acts to force the jaws of thegrippers toward each other, a lever for operating the cam, and thebracing-pieces J J, substantially as specified.

LEWIS MARTIN.

Witnesses:

FREDK. HAYNES, ARTHUR II. GAMBLIN.

